Stress can lead to asthma in Children 应激可导致儿童哮喘

Children in today's society are subject to a lot of stress that can lead to a whole host of ailments, which now includes the possibility of asthma.在当今社会的儿童受到相当大的压力，可以导致疾病，现在包括了一大堆哮喘的可能性。 Living in households with a high stress level could put children more at risk for asthma that is associated with environmental triggers such as traffic-related air pollution and exposure to the smoke from cigarettes.在家庭生活在高应力水平可能让儿童在治疗哮喘是环境引发诸如交通有关的空气污染和接触香烟烟雾有关的风险更大。

According to a recent study, children who had a regular exposure to the pollution from traffic exhaust and lived in households with the most stresses were approximately 50 percent more likely to develop asthma than those children living in low-stress homes.据最近的一项研究，儿童谁有经常接触的交通排气污染和家庭生活最讲，大约百分之五十的机率比在低应力家庭生活的儿童哮喘。 The study researcher, Rob S. McConnell, MD, from the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, said that the stress, however, did not have a big influence on the risk of asthma when the environmental trigger was absent.这项研究的研究员，美国康奈尔罗布博士从南加州凯克医学院的大学，他说，必须指出，没有一个对哮喘的风险很大影响环境时，触发缺席。 “It is well known that pollution can cause inflammatory effects in the lungs, and inflammation is a cardinal feature of asthma. “众所周知，污染会导致肺部炎症，和炎症是哮喘的主要特征。 Stress can also have a pro-inflammatory effect, so it is certainly plausible that the impact of stress and air pollution together might be worse than either on by itself.”压力也可以有一个亲的抗炎作用，因此它肯定是有道理的压力和空气污染的共同影响可能不如无论是一样的。“

The study included approximately 2,500 children that were between the ages of 5 and 9 enrolled in a larger study that was examining the effect of air pollution on respiratory health .这项研究包括大约2500名儿童的年龄在5岁和9日在一个更大的研究纳入这是研究空气污染对呼吸系统健康的影响的。 At the time of enrollment, none of the children had evidence of wheezing or asthma, and all of them were followed for a period of three years.As one marker for childhood stress, which is not easily measured directly, the parents completed questionnaires that examined their own stress levels.在报名时，孩子们都没有气喘或哮喘的证据，所有这些都遵循了3 years.As标志之一，童年时期的压力，这是不容易直接测量，家长完成的问卷调查研究他们自己的压力水平。 The researchers also collected other information such as exposure to cigarette smoke, characteristics of the household, and education of the parents, which is an indicator of socioeconomic status.研究人员还收集，如暴露于香烟烟雾，家庭特点的其他信息，家长，这是社会经济状况的指标教育 。 During this three-year study, 120 of the children developed asthma.在这为期三年的研究，对120名儿童哮喘发展。

Although the stress alone did not appear to increase the risk of asthma, McConnell and his colleagues from USC and Toronto's St. Michael's Hospital found that the combination of living in a stressful household and living near high levels of pollution that is traffic-related was a larger risk factor for asthma than living in a high traffic area alone.Also, the children whose mothers smoked while they were pregnant were also more likely to develop asthma when their household was stressful.虽然仅仅强调似乎没有增加哮喘，麦康奈尔和他的同事从南加州大学和多伦多的圣迈克尔医院的风险发现，生活在充满压力的家庭和附近的高污染的生活是交通的结合是一个有关更大的比在高流量地区alone.Also生活哮喘的危险因素，其子女吸烟，而他们的母亲在怀孕，也更容易患哮喘是当他们的家庭压力。 McConnell stated, “This research provides some new clue about what might be contributing to this complex disease that almost certainly has multiple causes.”According to the Center for Disease Control, the prevalence of asthma increased by approximately 75 percent between the years of 1980 and 1994, and the rates of asthma among children that were under the age of 5 increased by more than 160 percent during this time period.麦康奈尔说：“这项研究提供了一些什么，可能是导致这种复杂的疾病，几乎可以肯定有多方面的原因新的线索。”根据美国疾病控制，哮喘的发病率约75至1980年的年增长百分之中心1994年，哮喘儿童的比率，在5以上，增长1.6倍这段时间年龄。 Approximately 300 million people around the world are estimated to suffer from asthma, an the World Health Organization projects that this number will grow to approximately 400 million by the year 2025.约3亿世界各地的人们估计哮喘病，一个世界健康组织的项目受到这一数字将增长到2025年的约400亿美元。

Asthma researcher David B. Penden, MD, from the University of North Carolina, said that it is increasingly clear that the exposure to environmental pollutants such as smoke from cigarettes and traffic exhaust can trigger asthma symptoms in the people who suffer from the disease.哮喘的研究人员戴维B Penden博士从北卡罗莱纳大学，说是越来越明显，如香烟及交通排烟接触环境污染物能引发人们从谁患上哮喘的症状。 There is also a growing body of evidence that these exposures play a role in the development of asthma in people who do not suffer from the disease.The research that was done by McConnell and his colleagues is among several studies done recently to suggest a role for stress in the development of asthma.也有越来越多的证据，这些风险发挥哮喘的人的发展的作用谁不遭受disease.The研究，工作由麦康奈尔和他的同事在最近进行的几项研究是提出一个作用强调在哮喘的发展 。 He said, “We are beginning to learn a lot about the role of stress on a host of different diseases related to immune function.”He cites a serious of studies that were done by researchers at Harvard's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center that found stress to be associated with an increase in wheezing and other risk factors for asthma in infancy.他说：“我们开始学习有关的压力就有关的疾病的免疫功能不同的主机的作用很大。”他还举例严重的，它们全都在哈佛大学的贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心的研究人员发现，压力的研究与有在哮喘和其他婴儿哮喘的危险因素增加。 “I think the data are increasingly convincing even though a lot is still not understood about the impact of stress on disease,” he stated. “我认为有说服力的数据越来越多，尽管很多仍然不是压力对疾病的影响的理解，”他说。